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我國無損檢測(NDT)技術(shù)與國外的主要差距

發(fā)布時間:2022-08-04 10:44:05人氣:

目前,估計我國從事無損檢測技術(shù)的人員超過35萬人,能夠提供第三方檢測的大大小小的檢測公司超過6000家; 無損檢測儀器設(shè)備年銷售總額約30億元; 培養(yǎng)近千名無損檢測畢業(yè)生。



   中國已成為無損檢測儀器和技術(shù)服務(wù)的巨大市場。 我國無損檢測儀器制造企業(yè)眾多,門類齊全。 可生產(chǎn)常規(guī)射線探傷儀、超聲波探傷儀、超聲波測厚儀、磁粉探傷儀、滲透探傷劑、渦流探傷儀和聲發(fā)射探傷儀。  %。


  我國在實時射線成像技術(shù)、超聲TOFD檢測技術(shù)、超聲相控陣檢測技術(shù)、超聲導(dǎo)波檢測技術(shù)等諸多新型無損檢測領(lǐng)域開展了技術(shù)引進(jìn)、應(yīng)用研究、檢測標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定和設(shè)備研制 .  、脈沖渦流檢測技術(shù)、漏磁檢測技術(shù)、磁記憶檢測技術(shù)、聲發(fā)射檢測技術(shù)和紅外熱成像檢測技術(shù)。


  我們在通過自身的研發(fā)努力和對世界先進(jìn)無損檢測技術(shù)的整合學(xué)習(xí)來提升自己,同時我們也認(rèn)識到自己的不足。


  在儀器制造中


  與國外相比,我國一些先進(jìn)的無損檢測儀器系統(tǒng)的研發(fā)和制造能力還存在較大差距。 如射線檢測CMOS實時成像板、相控陣超聲檢測系統(tǒng)、C掃描超聲檢測系統(tǒng)、超聲導(dǎo)波和磁致伸縮超聲導(dǎo)波檢測系統(tǒng)、油罐底部MFL檢測系統(tǒng)、管道MFL檢測系統(tǒng)和脈沖渦流 檢測系統(tǒng)等,國內(nèi)還沒有成熟的商品機(jī)銷售,我國生產(chǎn)的各種履帶與國外產(chǎn)品差距較大。


  在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)置


  基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與國外的差距主要表現(xiàn)在數(shù)字射線探傷、渦流探傷、聲發(fā)射探傷和紅外探傷等方面。 產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在各個行業(yè)過于分散,沒有完整的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系。


  在人才培養(yǎng)和資格認(rèn)定方面


  國外一般都是由無損檢測學(xué)會培訓(xùn)和考核,而我國開展人員培訓(xùn)和資格認(rèn)定的部門太多,互不承認(rèn)。 結(jié)果,我國的無損檢測從業(yè)人員反復(fù)取證,浪費了大量的金錢和時間。


  在無損檢測技術(shù)服務(wù)方面


  國外已經(jīng)形成了一些大型的跨國專業(yè)檢測公司,而在我國,只是近年來,特種設(shè)備行業(yè)才為一些專業(yè)無損檢測公司提供了資質(zhì)證書。 抗衡的力量。


  我國新增大型項目和建設(shè)項目較多,機(jī)械制造業(yè)十分活躍。 除了對常規(guī)無損檢測儀器和技術(shù)的巨大需求外,對高科技無損檢測儀器和技術(shù)的需求也很旺盛。 因此,有必要從國外大量進(jìn)口。 與國外發(fā)達(dá)國家相比,我國在先進(jìn)無損檢測儀器制造、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定、人員資格認(rèn)定、無損檢測服務(wù)等方面仍存在較大差距。 國內(nèi)無損檢測同仁齊心協(xié)力。


At present, the personnel engaged in the work related to non-destructive testing technology in our country is estimated to be more than 350,000 people, there are more than 6000 large and small testing companies that can provide the third party testing; The annual sales volume of NDT equipment and equipment is about 3 billion Yuan; Every year, nearly one thousand non-destructive testing graduates are trained.

China has become a huge market for NDT instruments and technical services. There are many manufacturers of NDT instruments in China with complete categories. Can produce conventional radiographic flaw detector, ultrasonic flaw detector, ultrasonic thickness meter, magnetic powder flaw detector, penetration detection agent, eddy current detector and acoustic emission detector, equipment quality is reliable, stable performance, but the price is only 50~70% of similar foreign products.

China has carried out technology introduction, application research, testing standard formulation and equipment development in many new technologies of NDT. These new technologies include ray real-time imaging technology, ultrasonic TOFD detection technology, ultrasonic phased array detection technology, ultrasonic guided wave detection technology, pulsed eddy current detection technology, magnetic flux leakage detection technology, magnetic memory detection technology, acoustic emission detection technology and infrared thermal imaging detection technology.

We are improving ourselves through our own efforts in research and development, integration and learning with the world's advanced NDT technology, and we also recognize our own shortcomings.

In instrument manufacturing

There is still a big gap in the research and manufacturing capacity of some advanced non-destructive testing instruments systems in China compared with foreign countries. For example, there are no mature commercial machines sold in China, such as CMOS real-time imaging board for ray detection, phased array ultrasonic detection system, C-scan ultrasonic detection system, guided wave ultrasonic detection system and magnetostrictive ultrasonic guided wave detection system, magnetic flux leakage detection system of oil tank floor, magnetic flux leakage detection system of pipeline and pulsed eddy current detection system, etc. And at present there is a big gap between the crawlers made in China and foreign products.

In terms of standard setting

The gap between the basic standard and foreign standard is mainly in digital ray detection, eddy current detection, acoustic emission detection and infrared detection. Product standards each industry is too scattered, there is no complete standard system.

In terms of personnel training and accreditation

Foreign countries generally conduct training and assessment by a non-destructive testing institute. While there are many departments that carry out personnel training and qualification recognition, and each other do not recognize each other, which causes Chinese non-destructive testing personnel to repeat obtaining evidence, which wastes a lot of money and time

In nondestructive testing technical services

Foreign countries have formed some large scale multinational professional testing companies, but our country only in recent years the special equipment industry for some professional non-destructive testing companies qualification certificates, these professional non-destructive testing companies are small scale, but also do not have the strength to compete with foreign testing companies.

China there are many new large engineering and construction projects at present, machinery manufacturing industry is very active, in addition to conventional nondestructive testing instrument and has a huge demand, the high and new nondestructive testing instrument and also have strong demand of gold, so you need to import a lot of new equipment and technology from abroad, application and communication, efforts to improve the ability of scientific research and development, compared with the developed countries abroad, There is still a big gap in the manufacturing of advanced non-destructive testing instruments, standards formulation, personnel qualification and services of non-destructive testing. It is still necessary for domestic non-destructive testing colleagues to work together.


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