在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，被測(cè)材料的硬度值可以直接從硬度計(jì)指示盤(pán)上對(duì)應(yīng)的刻度C或B中讀取，無(wú)需按公式計(jì)算。 測(cè)試時(shí)可選擇壓頭和載荷值、標(biāo)記符號(hào)和有效量程。

  壓頭和負(fù)載應(yīng)用最常見(jiàn)的組合是：

  A刻度：壓頭為圓錐形金剛石壓頭，頂角為120°，總載荷為588.399N。 用于測(cè)量硬度較高的金屬（如碳化鎢等），或當(dāng)試件為較硬的薄板材料和較薄的表層不宜使用HRC時(shí)。

  C標(biāo)尺：頂角為120°圓錐金剛石壓頭，總載荷為1471N。 用于測(cè)定熱硬化鋼產(chǎn)品的硬度。 應(yīng)用范圍為HRC20-67。 如果試樣硬度低于HRC20，壓頭會(huì)深深壓入試樣，壓頭形狀不正確造成的誤差會(huì)增大，因此測(cè)量結(jié)果不準(zhǔn)確。 如果試樣硬度高于HRC67，壓頭壓入試樣的深度很淺，壓頭尖端會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大的壓力，容易損壞壓頭。

  B標(biāo)尺：鋼球壓頭，直徑1.588mm，總載荷980.665N。 用于測(cè)定軟或中等硬度的金屬和未硬化的鋼制品。 應(yīng)用范圍為HRB20-100。 當(dāng)試樣硬度低于HRB20時(shí)，大部分情況下開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)蠕變現(xiàn)象，鋼球與試樣接觸面過(guò)大，測(cè)量結(jié)果不準(zhǔn)確。 當(dāng)硬度高于HRB100時(shí)，鋼球變形大，壓入試件的深度太淺，測(cè)量結(jié)果不準(zhǔn)確。

  洛氏硬度計(jì)（HR150A）的使用方法如下：

  1. 準(zhǔn)備工作

  使用經(jīng)過(guò)認(rèn)證的硬度計(jì)； 試件厚度大于壓痕深度的10倍； 根據(jù)試件的形狀選擇合適的工作臺(tái)； 選擇合適的壓頭和總載荷值。

  2.測(cè)試的具體步驟

  ①將試件放在工作臺(tái)上，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)手輪使工作臺(tái)緩慢升高，壓頭抬高0.6mm。 指示盤(pán)的小指針指向“3”，大指針指向標(biāo)記C和B。（輕輕轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)表盤(pán)直到對(duì)準(zhǔn)）。

  ②指針位置對(duì)準(zhǔn)后，可將加載手柄向前拉，使主要載荷作用于壓頭。

  ③當(dāng)指示指針轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)明顯停止時(shí)，可將卸料手柄向后推卸主載荷。

  ④從儀表中讀出相應(yīng)的刻度值。 使用金剛石壓頭時(shí)，根據(jù)讀數(shù)表盤(pán)外圈的黑色字進(jìn)行讀數(shù)。 使用鋼球壓頭時(shí)，根據(jù)讀數(shù)刻度盤(pán)內(nèi)圈上的紅色字母讀取數(shù)值。

  ⑤ 松開(kāi)手輪，降低工作臺(tái)后，可將試件稍稍移動(dòng)，選擇新的位置繼續(xù)試驗(yàn)。

  需要注意的是，兩個(gè)壓痕中心的距離不應(yīng)小于3mm； 對(duì)于同一個(gè)試樣，最好對(duì)不同部位進(jìn)行不少于3次的試驗(yàn)，這樣才能可靠地確定實(shí)際情況。

英斯特力儀器是一家集研發(fā)、生產(chǎn)及銷(xiāo)售于一體的 影像測(cè)量?jī)x，拉力試驗(yàn)機(jī), 硬度計(jì) ,探傷儀, 粗糙度儀, 測(cè)厚儀, 金相設(shè)備廠家, 致力于為客戶(hù)提供更好的檢測(cè)儀器。

In practical applications, the hardness value of the tested material can be read directly from the corresponding scale C or B on the hardness tester indicator plate, without calculating according to the formula.  Pressure head and load values, markers and effective ranges can be selected during testing.  

The most common combination of head and load applications is:  

A scale: the indenter is A conical diamond indenter, the apex Angle is 120°, the total load is 588.399N.  HRC is used to measure metals with high hardness (such as tungsten carbide, etc.), or when the specimen is a hard sheet material and a thin surface layer is not suitable for HRC.  

C scale: cone diamond indenter with 120° apex Angle, total load 1471N.  Used for testing the hardness of hot hardening steel products.  The application range is HRC20-67.  If the hardness of the sample is lower than HRC20, the indenter will be deeply pressed into the sample, and the error caused by the incorrect shape of the indenter will increase, so the measurement result is not accurate.  If the hardness of the sample is higher than HRC67, the indenter is pressed into the sample at a shallow depth, and the indenter tip will produce a lot of pressure, which is easy to damage the indenter.  

B scale: steel ball head, diameter 1.588mm, total load 980.665N.  Used for the determination of soft or medium hard metals and unhardened steel products.  The application range is HRB20-100.  When the hardness of the sample is lower than HRB20, creep phenomenon begins to appear in most cases, and the contact surface between the steel ball and the sample is too large, resulting in inaccurate measurement results.  When the hardness is higher than HRB100, the deformation of the steel ball is large, the depth of pressing into the specimen is too shallow, and the measurement result is not accurate.  

Rockwell hardness tester (HR150A) is used as follows:  

1. Preparation  

Use a certified hardness tester;  The specimen thickness is 10 times greater than the indentation depth;  According to the shape of the specimen to choose the appropriate table;  Select the appropriate head and total load value.  

2. Specific steps of the test  

① Place the specimen on the work table, turn the handwheel to make the work table rise slowly, and the pressure head rise 0.6mm.  The small pointer to the dial points to "3" and the large pointer to the markers C and B.  (Gently turn the dial until it is aligned).  

② After the pointer position is aligned, the loading handle can be pulled forward so that the main load is applied to the head.  

When the pointer rotation stops obviously, the unloading handle can be shifted backward to shift the main load.  

④ Read the corresponding scale value from the meter.  When using diamond indenter, read according to the black words on the outer ring of reading dial.  When using the ball indenter, read the value according to the red letter on the inner ring of the reading dial.  

(5) after loosening the handwheel and lowering the workbench, the specimen can be moved slightly to select a new position to continue the test.  

It should be noted that the distance between the two indentation centers should not be less than 3mm;  For the same sample, it is best to test different parts of the test no less than 3 times, so that the actual situation can be reliably determined.