影像儀

影像儀又名影像測量儀、影像式精密測繪儀、光學(xué)測量儀。它是在測量投影儀的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行的一次質(zhì)的飛躍,它將工業(yè)計量方式從傳統(tǒng)的光學(xué)投影對位提升到了依托于數(shù)位影像時代而產(chǎn)生的計算機(jī)屏幕測量。

簡介

影像儀是依托于計算機(jī)屏幕測量技術(shù)和強(qiáng)大的空間幾何運算軟件而存在的。影像測量儀又分全自動影像測量儀(又名CNC影像儀)與手動影像測量儀兩種。影像儀以非接觸式測量為主要測量方式，通過長期的技術(shù)經(jīng)驗的積累，自動影像儀在功能上逐步的延伸，配合探針和激光組的使用，出現(xiàn)介于二維和三維幾何尺寸測量的儀器，業(yè)內(nèi)稱為“2.5D影像測量儀”。

工作原理

影像儀是利用表面光或輪廓光照明后,經(jīng)變焦距物鏡通過攝像鏡頭，攝取影像再通過S端子傳送到電腦屏幕上，然后以十字線發(fā)生器，在顯示器上產(chǎn)生的視頻十字線為基準(zhǔn)，對被測物進(jìn)行瞄準(zhǔn)測量，并通過.工作臺帶動光學(xué)尺，在X、Y方向上移動由多功能數(shù)據(jù)處理器進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理，通過軟件進(jìn)行計算完成測量。

儀器種類

手搖影像測量儀在測量點A、B兩點之間距離的操作是:先搖X、Y方向手柄走位對準(zhǔn)A點，然后鎖定平臺、改手操作電腦并點擊鼠標(biāo)確定;再打開平臺，手搖到B點，重復(fù)以上動作確定B點。每次點擊鼠標(biāo)是要將該點的光學(xué)尺位移數(shù)值讀入計算機(jī)，當(dāng)所有點的數(shù)值都被讀入后才能進(jìn)行計算功能的操作。這種初級設(shè)備就像一個技術(shù)的“積木拼盤”，一切功能與操作都是分離進(jìn)行的;一會搖手柄、一會點鼠標(biāo);手搖時還需注意均勻且輕而慢、不能回旋;一位熟練操作員進(jìn)行一個簡單的距離測量大概需要數(shù)分鐘。

數(shù)字化影像測量儀

數(shù)字化影像測量儀則不同，它建立在微米級精確數(shù)控的硬件與人性化操作軟件的基礎(chǔ)上，將各種功能徹底集成，從而成為一臺真正義上的現(xiàn)代精密儀器。具備無級變速、柔和運動、點哪走哪、電子鎖定、同步讀數(shù)等基本能力，鼠標(biāo)移動找到你所想要測定的A、B兩點后，電腦就已幫你計算測量出結(jié)果，并顯示圖形供校驗，圖影同步，即使是初學(xué)者測量兩點之間距離也只需數(shù)秒鐘。自動光學(xué)影像儀數(shù)字化技術(shù)實現(xiàn)了工件隨意放置即可測量。手搖式影像測量儀在進(jìn)行基準(zhǔn)測量時，需要旋轉(zhuǎn)載物平臺上的分度盤，將零件的基準(zhǔn)邊調(diào)整到平行于平臺的一個坐標(biāo)軸，這是因為它的初級軟件不能支持極其復(fù)雜空間幾何換算。而數(shù)字化影像測量儀可以利用軟件技術(shù)完成空間坐標(biāo)系旋轉(zhuǎn)和多坐標(biāo)系之間的復(fù)雜換算，被測工件可隨意放置，隨意建立坐標(biāo)原點和基準(zhǔn)方向并得到測量值，同時在屏幕上呈現(xiàn)出標(biāo)記，直觀地看出坐標(biāo)方向和測量點，使最為常見的基準(zhǔn)距離測量變得十分簡便而直觀。

結(jié)構(gòu)組成

影像測量儀是一種由高解析度CCD彩色攝像器、連續(xù)變倍物鏡、彩色顯示器、視頻十字線發(fā)生器、精密光學(xué)尺、多功能數(shù)據(jù)處理器、2D數(shù)據(jù)測量軟件與高精密工作臺結(jié)構(gòu)組成的高精度光學(xué)影像測量儀器。

特點

1、X軸取花崗石橫梁為基礎(chǔ)，確保機(jī)構(gòu)不會變形及橫梁中間不會下垂。

2、X軸直線導(dǎo)軌取上置設(shè)計，符合導(dǎo)軌最佳受力原理，具有高精度及運行穩(wěn)定的特點。

3、X軸花崗石背面獨特的采用厚鋼片鎖固，增強(qiáng)X軸的韌性，確保橫梁不會折斷。

4、Y軸獨特的硬體封閉環(huán)設(shè)計，在立柱底部采用鋼板連接，是橫梁、立柱構(gòu)成一個整體，確保機(jī)構(gòu)不會變形。

5、Y軸中間傳動。X軸的硬體閉環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu)，確保運行時不會出現(xiàn)左右偏擺或甩尾的物理現(xiàn)象，精度得到提高。

6、Z軸采用交又導(dǎo)軌。利用滾珠絲桿傳動，運行穩(wěn)定。確保精度。

7、影像測量軟件可自動編程，全自動檢測。

應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域

廣泛應(yīng)用在各種不同的精密零部件的測量中。主要用于在卡尺、角度尺很難測量到或根本測量不到的,但在裝配中起著重要的零部件尺寸、角度等的測量中,適用于以二維平面測量為目 的的一切應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域,

機(jī)械、電子、模具、注塑、五金、橡膠、低壓電器，磁性材料、精密五金、精密沖壓、接插件、連接器、端子、手機(jī)、家電、計算機(jī)(電腦)、液晶電視(LCD).印刷電路板(線路板、PCB)、汽車、醫(yī)療器械、鐘表、儀器儀表、螺絲、彈簧、齒輪、電線電纜、刀具、篩網(wǎng)等。

測量功能

手搖影像測量儀在尋找目標(biāo)點完成測量移位的過程中，由于依靠手動力的操作，移動平臺的主副導(dǎo)軌間會產(chǎn)生一定的偏移，不斷的來回運動還會產(chǎn)生回程間隙。在微米級精確測量時，將直接生產(chǎn)影響測量精度。數(shù)字化影像測量儀具有運動鎖定能力和在設(shè)計上采用了無回程間隙技術(shù)，從而徹底消除了這些誤差，提高了運動的平穩(wěn)性和測量精度。

測量距離越長誤差也就越大，測量精度隨著長度而降低。手搖式影像測量儀不具備非線性實時糾正功能，無法消除諸如溫度、震動等環(huán)境因素引起的非線性誤差。數(shù)字化影像測量儀擁有十分優(yōu)秀的誤差修正能力，通過建立在嚴(yán)格數(shù)學(xué)模型的軟件計算和實時控制來修正，從而使非線性誤差降到最小，提高了測量精度，突破了速度與精度的技術(shù)瓶頸。

全自動影像測量儀

全自動影像測量儀可以通過樣品實測、圖紙計算、CNC 數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入等方式建立CNC坐標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù),由儀器自動測量目標(biāo)點，完成各種測量操作，從而節(jié)省人力,提高效率。數(shù)十倍于手搖式影像測量儀的工作能力下，操作人員輕松而高效。

使用須知

影像儀在使用過程中，要注意以下事項:

(1)工件吊裝前，要將探針退回原點，為吊裝位置預(yù)留較大的空間;工件吊裝要平穩(wěn)，不可撞擊影像測量儀任何構(gòu)件。

(2)正確安裝零件，安裝前確保符合零件與測量機(jī)的等溫要求。

(3)建立正確的坐標(biāo)系，保證所建的坐標(biāo)系符合圖紙的要求，才能確保所測數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)確。

(4)當(dāng)編好程序自動運行時，要防止探針與工件的干涉，故需注意要增加拐點。

(5)對于一些大型較重的模具、檢具，測量結(jié)束后應(yīng)及時吊下工作臺，以避免影像測量儀工作臺長時間處于承載狀態(tài)。

維護(hù)保養(yǎng)

1、儀器應(yīng)放在清潔干燥的室內(nèi)(室溫20°C土2°C, 濕度低于60%)，避免光學(xué)零件表面污損、金屬零件生銹、塵埃雜物落入運動導(dǎo)軌，影響儀器性能。

2、儀器使用完畢，工作面應(yīng)隨時擦拭干凈，最好再罩上防塵套。

3、儀器的傳動機(jī)構(gòu)及運動導(dǎo)軌、應(yīng)定期.上潤滑油，使機(jī)構(gòu)運動順暢，保持良好的使用狀態(tài)。

4、工作臺玻璃及油漆表面臟了，可以用中性清潔劑與清水擦拭干凈。絕不能用有機(jī)溶劑擦拭油漆表面，否則，會使油漆表面失去光澤。.

5、儀器LED光源使用壽命很長，但當(dāng)有燈泡燒壞時，請通知專業(yè)人員為您更換。

6、儀器精密部件，如影像系統(tǒng)、工作臺、光學(xué)尺以及Z軸傳動機(jī)構(gòu)等均需精密調(diào)校,所有調(diào)節(jié)螺絲與緊固螺絲均已固定，客戶請勿自行拆卸，如有問題請通知廠商解決。

7、軟件已對工作臺與光學(xué)尺的誤差進(jìn)行了精確補(bǔ)償，請勿自行更改。否則，會產(chǎn)生錯誤的測量結(jié)果。

8、儀器所有電氣接插件、一般不要拔下，如已拔掉，則必須按標(biāo).記正確插回并擰緊螺絲。不正確的接插、輕則影響儀器功能，重則可能損壞系統(tǒng)。

英斯特力儀器是一家集研發(fā)、生產(chǎn)及銷售于一體的 影像測量儀，拉力試驗機(jī), 硬度計 ,探傷儀, 粗糙度儀, 測厚儀, 金相設(shè)備廠家, 致力于為客戶提供更好的檢測儀器。

Imaging instrument  

Image instrument also known as image measuring instrument, image type precision mapping instrument, optical measuring instrument.  It is a qualitative leap on the basis of measuring projector, which improves the industrial measurement mode from the traditional optical projection to the computer screen measurement based on digital image era.  

Introduction to the  

The imager is based on computer screen measurement technology and powerful space geometry operation software.  Image measuring instrument is divided into automatic image measuring instrument (also known as CNC image measuring instrument) and manual image measuring instrument.  Image instrument to non-contact measurement as the main measurement method, through the accumulation of long-term technical experience, automatic image instrument in the function of the gradual extension, with the use of probe and laser group, appeared between two-dimensional and three-dimensional geometry measurement instrument, known as "2.5D image measurement instrument".  

The working principle of  

Image instrument is to use surface light or contour illumination, the objective lens of the longitude change focal length through the camera lens, take the image and then transmitted to the computer screen through the S terminal, and then with the crosshair generator, the video crosshair generated on the display as the benchmark, aiming measurement of the measured object, and through.  The table drives the optical ruler, which moves in the X and Y directions. Data processing is carried out by the multi-functional data processor, and the measurement is completed by software calculation.  

Types of instruments  

The operation of the hand image measuring instrument in the distance between two points A and B is as follows: first shake the handle in the X and Y directions to align with point A, then lock the platform, change the hand to operate the computer and click the mouse to confirm;  Open the platform again, hand to point B, repeat the above action to determine point B.  Click the mouse every time to read the numerical value of the optical ruler displacement of the point into the computer, when all points are read into the operation of the calculation function.  This primary equipment is like a technical "building block platter", all functions and operations are carried out separately;  Shake the handle for a while, click the mouse for a while;  Hand shaking also need to pay attention to uniform and light and slow, can not swing;  It takes a skilled operator several minutes to make a simple distance measurement.  

Digital image measuring instrument  

Digital image measuring instrument is different, it is built on the basis of micron level precise nc hardware and humanized operation software, will be a variety of functions thoroughly integrated, so as to become a true justice of modern precision instrument.  With infinitely variable speed, soft movement, which, electronic lock, synchronization points which go reading basic skills, such as the mouse moves to find what you want to determine A and B two points, the computer has been to help you calculate the measured results, and the graphics for calibration, figure shadow synchronization, even beginners to measure distance between two points is A few seconds.  The digital technology of automatic optical imager realizes that the workpiece can be measured at will.  The manual image measuring instrument needs to rotate the indexing plate on the carrying platform to adjust the reference edge of the parts to an axis parallel to the platform when making reference measurement, because its primary software cannot support extremely complex spatial geometry conversion.  And digital image measuring instrument can be done using software technology space coordinate system rotation and more complex conversion between the workpiece to be measured can be placed at random, random set up the origin and the reference direction and get measured value, showing a tag on the screen at the same time, see visually coordinate direction and measurement point, and make the most common benchmark distance measurement become very simple and intuitive.  

Structural components  

Image measuring instrument is a kind of high precision optical image measuring instrument composed of high resolution CCD color camera, continuous zoom objective lens, color display, video crosshair generator, precision optical ruler, multi-function data processor, 2D data measuring software and high precision table structure.  

The characteristics of  

1, X axis take granite beam as the basis, to ensure that the mechanism will not be deformed and the middle of the beam will not sag.  

2. X axis linear guide rail is designed on the top, which is in line with the principle of optimal force of guide rail, and has the characteristics of high precision and stable operation.  

3, X axis granite back unique use of thick steel locking, enhance the toughness of the X axis, to ensure that the beam will not break.  

4, Y axis unique hardware closed ring design, at the bottom of the column using steel plate connection, beam, column constitute a whole, to ensure that the mechanism will not be deformed.  

5. Y axis intermediate drive.  X axis hardware closed loop structure, to ensure that there will be no left and right swing or tail swing physical phenomenon during operation, the accuracy is improved.  

6. Z axis adopts cross and guide rail.  Using ball screw drive, stable operation.  Ensure accuracy.  

7, image measurement software can be automatically programmed, automatic detection.  

Application field  

Widely used in the measurement of various precision parts.  Mainly used in calipers, Angle ruler is difficult to measure or can not be measured at all, but in the assembly plays an important part size, Angle and so on in the measurement, suitable for two-dimensional plane measurement for all application fields,  

Machinery, electronics, molds, injection molding, hardware, rubber, low-voltage electrical appliances, magnetic materials, precision hardware, precision stamping, connectors, terminals, mobile phones, home appliances, computers (computers), LCD TV (LCD).  Printed circuit board (PCB, PCB), automobile, medical instrument, clock, instrument, screw, spring, gear, wire and cable, cutting tools, screen, etc.  

Measurement functions  

In the process of finding the target point to complete the measurement shift of the hand image measuring instrument, due to the operation of hand power, there will be a certain offset between the main and secondary guide rails of the moving platform, and the continuous back and forth movement will also produce return clearance.  In micron scale accurate measurement, it will directly affect the measurement accuracy.  The digital image measuring instrument has the ability of motion locking and adopts the technology of no return clearance in the design, thus completely eliminating these errors and improving the motion stability and measurement accuracy.  

The longer the measurement distance, the greater the error, and the measurement accuracy decreases with the length.  The hand-operated image measuring instrument does not have the function of nonlinear real-time correction, which can not eliminate the nonlinear errors caused by environmental factors such as temperature and vibration.  Digital image measuring instrument has very excellent error correction ability, through the establishment of strict mathematical model of software calculation and real-time control to correct, so as to minimize nonlinear error, improve the measurement accuracy, break through the speed and precision of the technical bottleneck.  

Fully automatic image measuring instrument  

Automatic image measuring instrument can establish CNC coordinate data through sample measurement, drawing calculation, CNC data import and other ways, the instrument automatically measure the target point, complete all kinds of measurement operations, so as to save manpower and improve efficiency.  Tens of times the working capacity of the hand-operated image measuring instrument, the operator is easy and efficient.  

Use the information  

The following points should be paid attention to during the use of the imager:  

(1) Before lifting the workpiece, the probe should be returned to the origin to reserve a large space for lifting position;  The lifting of the workpiece shall be smooth and shall not impact any component of the image measuring instrument.  

(2) Install the parts correctly, and ensure that the isothermal requirements of the parts and measuring machine are met before installation.  

(3) To establish the correct coordinate system, ensure that the established coordinate system meets the requirements of the drawings, to ensure the accuracy of the measured data.  

(4) When the program runs automatically, interference between the probe and the workpiece should be prevented, so attention should be paid to adding inflection points.  

(5) For some large and heavy molds and gauges, the working table should be suspended in time after the measurement to avoid the image measuring instrument working table being in the bearing state for a long time.  

maintenance  

1, the instrument should be placed in a clean and dry room (room temperature 20°C soil 2°C, humidity less than 60%), to avoid the surface of optical parts, metal parts rust, dust debris fall into the movement of the guide rail, affecting the performance of the instrument.  

2, after the use of the instrument, the working face should be wiped clean at any time, and it is best to cover the dust jacket.  

3, the transmission mechanism and movement guide rail of the instrument should be regular.  Add lubricating oil to make the mechanism move smoothly and keep good working condition.  

4, table glass and paint surface dirty, you can use neutral detergent and clean water to wipe clean.  Never use organic solvent to wipe paint surface, otherwise, can make paint surface lose luster.  .  

5, the instrument LED light source has a long service life, but when the bulb burns out, please inform professionals to replace it for you.  

6, the instrument precision parts, such as image system, workbench, optical ruler and Z axis transmission mechanism need to be adjusted precisely, all adjusting screws and fastening screws have been fixed, customers do not disassemble, if there is any problem, please inform the manufacturer to solve.  

7. The software has accurately compensated the error between the worktable and the optical ruler. Please do not change it by yourself.  Otherwise, wrong measurement results will be produced.  

8, all the electrical connectors of the instrument, generally do not pull out, if it has been pulled out, it must be according to the standard.  Remember to insert and tighten the screws correctly.  Improper connection and plug may affect the function of the instrument or damage the system.